Shuttleless loom



Jan. 7, 1958 K. HABERHAUER 2,818,882

` SHUTTLELESS LooM Filed sept'. 1; 1955 5 sneetssheet 1 by.' A Y /Widml SSTMKUL mit' Jan. 7, 1958 K. HABERHAUER 2,818,882

SHUTTLELESS Loom Filed Sept. 1, 1955 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 'iii' Karl Habe-rique? by: com s. 621% I KHABERHUR E52 Filed sept. 1, 1.9554 Smeets-sheet a Karl Haber heuer l /MCMQQ s. Smm

. aqt- Jan. g

K. HABERHAUER SHUTTLELESS LOOM 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Sept. 1 1955 P m ...n

Karl Haberhaue Jan. 7, 1958 K. HABERHAUE-R l2,818,882

SHUTTLELESS LOOM Filed sept. 1, 1955 5 sheets-sheet 5 wwf/W0@ Kay! Havefhauer -selvage formers have the tue of the friction of `cepted by the bobbin, lcase of sewing machines. Sfar, however, a filling 2:2 is used when they are to produce :a faultless fabric, but such filling 1s that, in operation,

2,818,882 SHUTTLELESS LOUM Karl Haherhauer, Eielefeld, Germany, assigner to Durkoppwerke Aktiengesellschaft, Bielefeld, Germany Application September 1, 1955, Serial No. 532,074 Claims priority, application Germany September 2, 1954 23 Claims. (Cl. 139-123) My present invention relates to improvements in shuttleless looms which operate with the aid of needles as weftmserting members which draw weft from stationary supplies.

Looms of this type known so far have the disadvantage that it is not possible to make tight selvages thereon. Theoretically the most diversiiied systems of such looms have been proposed which, for example, may operate according to the sewing-machine principle. The weft thread is inserted into the normally open shed by ymeans of a needle which in most cases carries along a thread loop instead of a single thread, which loop finally is engaged by a gripping device. Such thread-loop grippers are called selvage formers and have been proposed in the most diversilied constructions of which some operate with the aid of a sewing-machine bobbin, while others plunge directly into the oncoming thread loop as in the case of a sewing machine, tying the loop. Other selvage formers, again, interlink the thread loops. All of these known great disadvantage that they are not reliable in operation and presume the presence of a double thread. A 1:1 filling in looms of the prior art only is possible when the weft thread is pulled back piece by piece into the next following shed or only is applicable when the selvage is left loose or open.

Further looms of this type are known in the art which already operate with the aid of a double needle, using a double shed. The two needles, however, operate by thrusting and pulling respectively. The needles thrust a thread loop into the opened sheds v/here corresponding selvage formers are in operation, or they withdraw the weft thread in the form of a double loop, in which case again selvage formers have to be employed. The ditiiculty in such known looms is, above all, a positive interception of the arriving thread loops. Since, in sewing machines, the thread automatically forms a loop by virthe cloth, which loop may be interthere is no such diiiiculty in the In all of the looms known so not very well looked upon in the manufacture of cloth and the like.

My present invention affords a solution of this Problem :and provides weft-inserting needles, which are disposed with an open eyelet and a hook so the eyelet of one needle thrusts the thread through one of the sheds, and when the needles perform the return stroke, the hook of the other needle simply pulls back the thread through the other shed.

A weft-thread inserting :apparatus is provided on the operating side of the loom, which apparatus supplies the thread to the thrusting needle and includes lcontrol means for guiding weft threads in a selected sequence to the needles. A spreader is provided on the exterior edge of the loom, for transferring the oncoming weft thread from the thrusting needle to the pulling needle. In such novel loom construction, it is possible that one of the needles brings in a double pick while the other needle withdraws in parallel relation,

ice

one of the weft threads, and that upon repetition, the procedure is reversed. The double pick inserted lirst, is severed on one side by a cutting means disposed on the operating side so that the pulling needle simply retracts the thread into the other shed. ln such process, the threads thus are so situated in the fabric that on the selvages an open, severed t read is shrouded by a thread loop, :and an open thread only remains between the loops, which yopen thread, above all in the case of a hard beatup, is no inconvenience.

My present invention thus makes it possible to weave a double fabric in suprajacent relation, in which is produced a selvage at the warp end, and which is of double the width of the warp when deployed or unfolded. For this type of loom, this advantage is of decisive importance since, above all, the prerequisite width of such looms is considered a serious disadvantage. Such disadvantage, it is true, has been counteracted in prior `constructions by disposing two warps side by side and by constructing the needles so that they form a straight line so that, for example, the needle lying to the right penetrates into its warp while the other needle is removed from the warp, and vice-versa. ln such known loom construction, however, still about one needle length is required between the warps. By employing a double shed and weaving two fabric half-portions in supraiacent relation, much room is saved in the width of the looms. The warp widths need only include approximately one half of the fabric widths.

The invention will be best understood from the following description of specific embodiments which are schematically illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Fig. l shows a cross-section through the four-needle double-gripper loom,

Fig. 2 is the diagram of the oblique double shed with the heddles which, according to the invention, are provided with two eyes,

Figs. 3 to 6 are diagrams for the filling in lzl pick,

Fig. 7 shows the running design of the fabric at a pick sequence of lzl with tight selvages on both sides,

Fig. 8 depicts the same design with weft thread guided otherwise,

Fig. 9 is the diagram with a Fig. 10 illustrates the running of 2:2 weft threads,

Fig. l1 shows the diagram of the four-needle drive means,

Fig. l2 is an elevation of the gripper-needle head,

Fig. 13 is a plan view of the needle head,

Fig. 14 shows the gripper-needle guiding means,

Fig. 15 depicts the thread-control diagram for the double fabric,

Fig. 16 illustrates another position of Pig. l5,

Figs. 17 to 2() show different positions of the weftthread guiding apparatus,

Fig. 2l is a side view, control drive mechanism,

Fig. 22 schematically shows the crankshaft for the thread-control drive mechanism, and

Fig. 23 shows thread-control details.

The loom is driven by a motor (not shown) via a V- belt pulley 1 and a driving pulley which rotates a shaft 3. The latter drives the needle center piece d as shown schematically in Fig. ll, in which a gear disk 5 moves in a stationary rim gear 6. A driving pin 7 is situated accurately in the pitch line of disk 5 and thus executes an absolute straight movement. As needle center piece 4 is disposed on pin 7, the needles 8, 9 and 10, 11 are taken along and thus execute the same horizontal movement as pin 7 on disk 5. A llywheel (not shown) gives the mass equalization. Fig. 14 further shows the needle weft insertion of 2:2, design with an insertion partly in section, of the threadas single thread. isl: or a suitable of an example. Drawn 'from Vthe upper shed edle 9 or il is spreader arm he lower shed, the upper shed. moves the weft le 8, the thread er shed. The upper shed by le position, the the thread end ose end is deed above, and ck (Fig. 6) the 9 through the gripper needle he weft thread 48,' and the range of hook ugh the upper usly and furoubie fabric, a oth sides are r any Seli/ege movable over ped and cut, "as the thread In such case e thread. A i p opens the 5. A pin 58 er, raises the as to remove lsting gripper or each grip- Which each is are mounted Vetre provided by two tooth mounted on nesting rods intermediary and through which is r0- -andsprock ises a crank 8, cam 67 is four recesses hrough 90. ted, and the il, 6i mountteeth driving read clamps 52 are fixed to the rings 49, the thread clamps are carried along, as is shown in Figs. 17-20. In the latter are shown various positions of the 'thread clamps. As soon as the latter arrive in vicinity of the forks 55, the thread is cut or clamped respectively. In Fig. 17, weft thread 43 is engaged by needle 8 ior 10 and moved through the shed, as described before, whilst needle 9 or 11 passes empty through the lower shed, since the lower thread clamp 52 clamps thread 47 outside of the direction of thrust of gripper needle 9 or 11.

In the second pick (Fig. 18) thread clamp 52' with knife 53 moves into the position shown. The weft thread running from the clothedge to bobbin 43 is held in the raised position by clamp 52. Gripper 52 travels into its position (Fig. 18) and pulls thread 47 in the direction of thrust of needle 9. The latter thus draws the thread from bobbin 47, moves it through the shed, whilst needle 8 passes empty through the upper shed. In the terminal position, clamp 52.' is opened and releases thread 47 which by spreader arm 45 is brought within the range of hook 14 of needle 8 or 10 and is drawn back into the upper shed. On bobbin 47 Ia thread clamp enters into action and, after the thread has been taken over by hook 14, prevents drawing thread from the bobbin.

In the third pick (Fig. 19) clamp 52 in the open condition travels into the position shown. Thread 43 which runs from the cloth edge to bobbin 43, arrives in the thrust direction of needle 8 or 10 and thereby is carried through the upper shed. In the terminal position, the clamp engages the weft thread and cuts same while the end is held on the bobbin. Thread clamp 52 moves to such a position that thread 47' which runs from the cloth edge to the bobbin, is outside of the range of needle 9 or 11. Clamp 52 thereby is opened. Needle 9 or 11 thus passes empty through the lower shed, on its return picks up the cut thread by spreader arm 46 and draws same back through the lower shed.

In the fourth pick (Fig. 20) clamp 52 with the clamped thread-end of bobbin 43 moves into its fourth position and, thus, outside of the range of gripper 8 or 10, clamp 52 in the meantime being further opened. Thread 47' which runs from the cloth edge to the bobbin, thus moves into the thrust direction of needle 9 or 11 and thereby is carried into the lower shed. In the terminal position, clamp 52 through its knife 53 clamps and cuts the thread, whilst the end running to bobbin 47 is clamped. The loose thread end is moved by spreader arm 45 into the range of hook 14 of the upper needle and is drawn back through the upper shed.

These four positions, which are shown in Figs. 17 to 20, then are repeated.

It is, of course, possible to construct the grippers differently, andl to control and drive the grippers and the spreader 45, 46 in any desired manner without departing from the scope of my present invention.

I claim:

1. In a shuttleless loom, in combination, a pair of parallel weft-inserting needles, each of said needles having an eyelet means and a hook; means for simultaneously reciprocating said needles through a pair of warp sheds so that during operation of the loom any one of said needles is adapted to thrust a thread passing through the eylet means thereof through one of said warp sheds during a forward stroke of said needles, and so that the hook of the respective other of said needles is adapted to engage said thread at the end of Ithe forward stroke of said needles for drawing said thread through the other warp shed during the return stroke of said needles.

2. An arrangement as set forth in claim l wherein said eyelet means of each of said needles is a slot at the point of said needle.

3. An arrangement as set forth in claim 2 wherein said slot and said hook are located in the same plane.

4. A weft-inserting needle for `a shuttleless loom having a slot at the point thereof adapted to serve as an eyelet for a thread, and having a hook spaced from said point for holding a thread.

5. A weft-inserting needle for a shuttleless loom having a slot at the point thereof adapted to serve as an eyelet for a thread, and having a hook spaced from said point for holding a thread; and including a resilient means resiliently engaging an inner face of said hook for securing a thread in the same.

6. In a shuttleless loom, in combination, a pair of parallel weft-inserting needles, each of said needles having an eyelet and a hook; means for simultaneously reciprocating said needles; and means for transferring at t-he end of a forward stroke of said needles a thread passing through the eyelet of any one of said needles into the hook of the respective other of said needles so that said other needle draws said thread during the return stroke of said needles.

7. In a shuttleless loom, in combination, a pair of parallel weft-inserting needles, each of said needles having an eyelet means and a hook; means for simultaneously reciprocating said needles through a pair of adjacent warp sheds so that any one of said needles is adapted to thrust a thread passing through the eyelet means thereof through one of said warp sheds during a forward stroke of said needles; and means for inserting at the end of a forward stroke of said needles said thread into the hook of the respective other of said needles so that said other needle draws said thread through the other warp shed during the return stroke of said needles.

8. In a shuttleless loom, in combination, two shed forming means for forming two superimposed warp sheds; at least one pair of parallel weft-inserting needles, each of said needles having an eyelet means and a hook; means for simultaneously reciprocating said needles from a retracted position adapted to be located on one side of sheds formed by said shed forming means and an advanced position in which said needles are adapted to be located in said two superimposed warp sheds, respectively, and to project from the other side of said sheds, any one of said needles being adapted to thrust a weft loop passing through the eyelet means thereof through one of said warp sheds during a forward stroke of said needles from said retracted to said advanced position, and the respective other of said needles being adapted to engage in said advanced position with the hook thereof a part of said weft loop so as to draw during the return stroke of said needles said part of said weft loop through the other shed whereby the warps of said two warp sheds are connected by thus-formed wefts to constitute two superimposed fabric portions connected along a fold line. p

9. In a shuttleless loom, in combination, two shed forming means for forming two superimposed warp sheds;

'at least one pair of parallel weft-inserting needles, each of said needles having an eyelet means and a hook; means for simultaneously reciprocating said needles from a retracted position adapted to be located on one side of sheds formed by said shed forming means and an advanced position in which said needles are adapted to be located in said two superimposed warp sheds, respectively, and to project from the other side of said sheds, any one of said needles being adapted to thrust a weft loop passing through the eyelet means thereof through, one of said Warp sheds during a forward stroke of saidA needles from said retracted to said advanced position, and the respective other of said needles being adapted to engage in said advanced position with the hook` thereof a part of said weft loop so as to draw duringthe return stroke of said needles said part of said weft` loop through the other shed; and weft-inserting means:- located in the region of said needles in said retracted position and adapted to be located on said one side of` said sheds, said weft-inserting means including weft con-- trol means for guiding weft threads in a selected sequence-` to the eyelets of said needles in said retracted position..

ation, two shed ns and a hook; id needles from i on one side of ns and an adadapted to be sheds, respecof said sheds, thrust a weft ey hook thereof ring the return r lguiding weft of said needles are connected superimposed im 15 wherein threads alteracted positions and including eans between means coopvsaid positions,

m 17 wherein ess intermedif, and wherein said recesses reader means. 15 wherein dle means for le means hav- 15 and insaid needles.

-means being other of said 

